Paper evaluates the distribution of air temperature in residential room using a central system of ventilation. Depending on the position of the feeder element for fresh air is evaluated by several variations of the system. The presented results are output from the CFD simulation from ANSYS Fluent.

Although the WHO and the EU monitor PM_2.5 a PM₁₀ particles, PM₁ particles have the smallest and most harmful fraction.

The paper briefly surveys the history of ventilation requirements of schools, reflects on the current wording of the legislation that have a direct relationship to the the issue and carefully looks out for future legislation.

People spend the majority of their life indoors – in houses and flats. While outdoors the pollutants are diluted by mass of the air, indoors after installation of new tight windows and thermal insulation of facade this danger increases. Very important pollutant – dangerous to life – is radon in the air. This gas, penetrating into houses mainly from the subsoil, is un important cause of lung cancer. The Czech Republic is the country with the highest average concentration of radon in flats in Europe. The average level in our country is 120 Bq/m³, while in 30 % of population were found higher levels, sometimes even several thousands of Bq. Each year, 5,600 peoples hear a diagnosis of lung cancer. 16% of diseases is from radon and decay products and ionizing radiation
At present, after the Resolution of the Czech Government the third period of the Radon program is in progress. In this program I am the deputy of the Czech Ministry of Health. In my information I would like to point your attention to this important risk and to the health protection necessity. Sufficient ventilation of buildings is the essential.

The paper is focused on the energy needs for preservation of food in retail food stores, which means cooling and freezing of food. The first part of the article is devoted to the issue of cold appliances in supermarkets, which include refrigeration and freezer boxes and furniture for distribution and sales. The second part of the article is based on the calculation of a refrigeration load and cooling demand for case study of a reference retail food store. The article aims to highlight the issue of energy need for preservation of food and defining of approach for design of general food refrigeration equipment of reference retail food store and to create conditions to establish energy-saving measures.

The paper is focused on the energy needs for preservation of food in retail food stores, which means cooling and freezing of food. The first part of the article is devoted to the issue of cold appliances in supermarkets, which include refrigeration and freezer boxes and furniture for distribution and sales. The second part of the article is based on the calculation of a refrigeration load and cooling demand for case study of a reference retail food store. The article aims to highlight the issue of energy need for preservation of food and defining of approach for design of general food refrigeration equipment of reference retail food store and to create conditions to establish energy-saving measures.

Highest filtration class is recommended to customers living in places with stronger air pollution, regardless it's higher price and higher energy intensity due to higher pressure losses of more effective filters.

Air filtration is basic operation for indoor air environment protection against solid and liquid pollutants. Beside human and natural activity pollutants there are bacterias, viruses and mildews.

The pond loop geothermal refrigeration system at the Janesville Ice Arena uses an adjacent pond as a thermal storage. The most interesting in the ice arena is the main source for ice refrigeration, the water-source heat pumps and their condenser a city-owned pond that is adjacent to the building. Refrigeration heat is used for snow melt pit, ice resurfacing water preheat and underfloor heating.

This article documents the evaluation of internal microclimate (IM) cinema air-conditioning (HVAC). The primary method is an experimental monitory approach, which constitutes a secondary simulation solution. Monitoring is the application of the intelligent system which consist of many individual functual components. The monitoring results indicate the real state of IM. In the monitoring period its output enables its correct function with a comparison and a verification simulation. The simulation solution in the software enables a prognosis of the IM for random peripheral and operating conditions.

The author presents to professional community a broad experience, which he has acquired over the past decades during his work in the field of environmental engineering as a designer, implementer, systems operator and later also as a consultant. He informs the readers of his paper in the form of a personal message about the measures that he took based on his long time experience in order to improve current air-conditioning devices. The first part of the paper discusses practical experience with use of induction diffusers for air distribution in rooms. It concerns the experience with installation of induction units in window sills and discusses how does the location of the intake opening of secondary (induced) air in the front of the sill influences the air quality in the room. In the second part are described atypical installations of nozzles/jets arrays in suspended ceilings and partition walls, with possibility to quantitatively regulate the supply air volume according to the temperature and CO₂ concentration in the room. These installation are suitable for „draught-free“ removal of bigger heat loads from heat sources scattered in the space, which cannot be ventilated locally and which are constantly operated. In the third part is described experience from dealing with problems concerning ceiling diffusers.

The article describes properties of carbon dioxide and the possibilities of its measurement. It provides a basic overview of available measuring techniques. Measuring principles and sensor types are described in more detail, with respect to their use in various applications.

The article deals with energy simulations used for design support of a new large administrative building of a bank. The presented simulations had a major influence on the design of the air-conditioning system and sources of cold and heat for ensuring the required indoor environment parameters.

We calculate insulation thickness in accordance with the criterion of maximum heat loss and monitor unwanted warming or cooling media and maintain the required temperature.

In most cases reconstructed education buildings in the Czech Republic do not meet conditions for ventilation and therefore they are not suitable for children. The ventilation requirements could be met with an installation of heat recovery ventilation system. With this system the education buildings would have lower heating demand, better indoor environment like for example lower relative humidity, lower concentration of CO₂ and better mold protection of the walls. Better indoor air quality helps students and teachers to increase their performance and attention and also reduce diseases.
The kindergarten “U DUBU” uses experiences from previous realizations (of apartment buildings and primary schools) during which heat recovery system ventilation have been installed. With its flat roof, the kindergarten “U DUBU” is a typical example of kindergarten in the Czech Republic. This example is possible to apply in the future. Well done building insulation and proper technical equipment create good indoor conditions for long-term presence of users.

Radiators as well as other technical equipment in buildings, and generally any equipment in a building, require occasional maintenance and cleaning. While on the surfaces of floor, furniture, windows, doors, hygienic facilities, etc. there is usually held regular cleaning, elements of heating systems, including the end elements in the interior, are often neglected. The aim of this work is to familiarize with the results of measurements carried out within the framework of experiments focused on microbial load of different constructional designed radiators located both in public buildings and private homes.

The paper sums up the current legislation for refrigerants and focuses on Regulation 517/2014 of the European parliament and the Council on fluorinated greenhouse gases which repeals the Regulation 842/2006. The major requirements for operation, service and delivery are presented in the paper. At the end of the paper the predicted evolution of major types of refrigerants for heat pump is given.

Since the beginning of 2016 will enter into force ecodesign requirements for ventilation units in accordance with Commission Regulation ( EU) no. 1253/2014 of 7 July 2014 implementing Directive of the European Parliament and Council Directive 2009 / 125 / EC with regard to ecodesign requirements ventilation units.

The use of photocatalytic effect of TiO₂ The article presents a summary of current knowledge about the photocatalytic effect on the surface of TiO₂ nanoparticles, review of published information and documents about the potential health effects, about their biocidal activity and about possible use of photocatalysis in improving the quality of the environment. It also includes a transparent discussion advertising claims producers of paints containing nanoforms TiO₂.

This paper describes the controller functions, types of control units and from which all components can be composed. Next part is about explaining how to program the controllers can take place, what are the types of controlling and communication protocols that are most frequently used for connection to field devices and supervisor. The whole interpretation is conducted through first theoretical introduction followed by practical example. The whole paper is written exclusively on control units, which are used in building automation and belonging to the group DDC (Direct Digital Control) systems. These controllers are most often used to HVAC systems (Heat, Ventilation and Air Condition). The aim of these systems is to achieve thermal comfort in buildings. The whole industry is then called Measurement and Control. Specific application is e.g. controlling of Air handling unit according to pre-defined project.